Cyprus & the Biggest Myth of Banking Today
by Adrian Ash, BullionVault
Tuesday, 19 March 2013
Bank deposit accounts should be sacred. Right up until they’re not…
YOU’D THINK that with all this practice, politicians would know how to handle a banking crisis by now. Most especially in the Eurozone.
But no. Five years since Bear Stearns hit the skids (the anniversary
was Monday) the Cypriot mess is such a mess that people elsewhere feel
the urge to say that “it couldn’t happen here.”
Portugal’s finance minister said it Tuesday afternoon. Italy’s La Stampa newspaper said it Tuesday morning. Yet a raid on banking deposits already happened in Italy, a mere 21 years ago with a 0.6% hit across all bank accounts. Italy applied a hit of 4% or so in 1920 as well, back when the Czech government, Austria, Germany and Hungary
all tried the same move too. Norway made a grab for savers’ cash in
1936. Brazil and Argentina used the gambit – raiding savers’ accounts
for emergency cash – a little over a decade ago.
Still, it could never happen, right?
“Protect the small savers” – barring the more recent examples above,
that has been the mantra of policy wonks and politicians dealing with
bank failures since the Great Depression 80 years ago.
Customers of Bear Stearns barely noticed the change, for instance,
when it collapsed into the warm, taxpayer-funded embrace of J.P.Morgan
for just $2 per share on 18 March 2008.
Because amongst major-currency nations, the preferred route to whacking
the little guy – and getting him to pay for the banks’ excesses – has
been via interest rates, as our chart above shows.
Get borrowers to pay way more than depositors earn, and post the
difference straight to your bottom line. Throw in negative real rates on
bank savings and government bonds – courtesy of central banks squishing
rates below the pace of inflation – and the same scam can help entire
economies chip away at the real value of their public debt, too.
But this rule – the rule of hiding the theft from savers – finally
broke Saturday morning. To get a bail-out from the rest of Europe, the
government of Eurozone-member Cyprus agreed a 9.9% levy on anyone with
€100,000 in a Cypriot bank. Most amazing, small savers are no longer
sacred. They would be hit for 6.75% on deposits below €100,000.
The FT called this a stupid idea whose time has come.
Paul Krugman writing in the NY Times said “It’s as if the Europeans are
holding up a neon sign, written in Greek and Italian, saying ‘Time to stage a run on your banks!‘” The UK government, ever eager to pretend that we Brits are immune to bank-account losses, is shipping out €1 million in cash
to help pay our armed forces stationed there, and it has also promised
UK tax-payers will make good any loss the troops might suffer on their
Cypriot deposits in just the way that we all shared the £100m cost of
making UK users of high-yielding Icelandic banks whole in 2008.
Heaven forbid anyone should say that such high-paying bank accounts should have been warning enough. Like Felix Salmon says, a promise is a promise, and Cypriot savers had bank-account insurance up to €100,000. It’s just not fair!
A few other talking-heads meantime guess – as we do – that the
initial “levy” was a dummy, intended to make the real savings tax look
much less drastic. But lots of people also note that Russian mafia
money, a huge part of Cypriot banking, will see its 9.9% levy as just a
cost of doing business. The island’s reputation as a money-laundering
centre will be intact, at the cost of hurting the little guy.
Cyprus accounts for just 0.5% of the 17-nation Eurozone economy. The
proposed levy will raise perhaps €5.8 billion, just $7.5bn. Yet the
Eurogroup’s action has already seen stock markets sink, along with the
Euro. The gold price in Euros jumped 2.3% at the start of Asian trade
Monday morning, and has since jumped again as the chaos in Cyprus’s
rescue gets worse.
Now, this is very much a crisis in motion. The Cypriot finance
minister, for example, may or may not have resigned Tuesday whilst
visiting Moscow to discuss Russian aid and bank savings. And as we say,
odds are that the levy on small savers will yet be cut, altering the
terms to make whatever deposit-grab is left more acceptable. But either
way, the big lie behind the financial crisis so far – that bank savings
are safe – has blown up again.
Putting cash on deposit makes you a creditor. And in financial
crises, the creditor always pays in the end, whether through inflation,
default or a “levy”. Yes, you are supposed to be safe from immediate
loss, thanks to the charade of deposit insurance. But the cost of
getting off price risk is credit risk lying unseen and unstated until
the day that it matters.
Holding a little physical property, in contrast, exposes you to price
movements. But it gets a chunk of your savings away from the myth of
bank-account security. Hence the jump already this week in gold.
Even without that price move, gold still makes sense as a physical
escape from all-too transient banking. Of which in Nicosia and all
points west there remains way too much. The Cypriot solution is at least
one way of shrinking the finance sector overnight.
Adrian Ash is head of research at BullionVault
– the secure, low-cost gold and silver market for private investors
online, where you can buy gold and silver vaulted in Zurich on just 0.5%
dealing fees.
(c) BullionVault 2013
Please Note: This article is to inform your thinking, not lead
it. Only you can decide the best place for your money, and any decision
you make will put your money at risk. Information or data included here
may have already been overtaken by events – and must be verified
elsewhere – should you choose to act on it.
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