Major banks have quickly become behind-the-scenes allies of
Internet-based payday lenders that offer short-term loans with interest
rates sometimes exceeding 500 percent.
With 15 states banning payday loans, a growing number of the lenders
have set up online operations in more hospitable states or far-flung
locales like Belize, Malta and the West Indies to more easily evade
statewide caps on interest rates.
While the banks, which include giants like JPMorgan Chase, Bank of
America and Wells Fargo, do not make the loans, they are a critical link
for the lenders, enabling the lenders to withdraw payments
automatically from borrowers’ bank accounts, even in states where the
loans are banned entirely. In some cases, the banks allow lenders to tap
checking accounts even after the customers have begged them to stop the
withdrawals…
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and the Consumer Financial
Protection Bureau are examining banks’ roles in the online
loans…Benjamin M. Lawsky, who heads New York State’s Department of
Financial Services, is investigating how banks enable the online lenders
to skirt New York law and make loans to residents of the state, where
interest rates are capped at 25 percent.
For the banks, it can be a lucrative partnership…Some
state and federal authorities say the banks’ role in enabling the
lenders has frustrated government efforts to shield people from
predatory loans — an issue that gained urgency after reckless mortgage
lending helped precipitate the 2008 financial crisis.
While the loans are simple to obtain — some online lenders promise
approval in minutes with no credit check — they are tough to get rid of.
Customers who want to repay their loan in full typically must contact
the online lender at least three days before the next withdrawal.
Otherwise, the lender automatically renews the loans at least monthly
and withdraws only the interest owed. Under federal law, customers are
allowed to stop authorized withdrawals from their account. Still, some
borrowers say their banks do not heed requests to stop the loans…
While there are no exact measures of how many lenders have migrated
online, roughly three million Americans obtained an Internet payday loan
in 2010, according to a July report by the Pew Charitable Trusts. By
2016, Internet loans will make up roughly 60 percent of the total payday
loans, up from about 35 percent in 2011, according to John Hecht…
Facing increasingly inhospitable states, the lenders have also set up
shop offshore. A former used-car dealership owner, who runs a series of
online lenders through a shell corporation in Grenada, outlined the
benefits of operating remotely in a 2005 deposition. Put simply, it was
“lawsuit protection and tax reduction,” he said. Other lenders are based
in Belize, Malta, the Isle of Man and the West Indies, according to
federal court records.
Screwing the working poor is just as important to these thugs as screwing the middle class.
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